lister



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

S. G. LISTER & J. REIXAOH.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE PABRIGS.

No. 268,250. Patented Nov. 28, 1882.

N. PETERS Plwlolilhcgrapher. wmm mn, av cv (No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2. S. (J. LISTER & J. REIXAGH.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE FILE FABBIGS. No. 26 8, 2-5-0. Patented- Nov; 2 8; 1 88 2.

n. PETERS. Pholo-Uihugraphcn Washinglon, n. c.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

S. 'G. LISTER & J. REIXAOH.

LOOM FOR WEAVING'DOUBLE PILE FABRICS.

No. 268,250. Patented Nov. 28,1882.

N, Pnzns. Phalwullwgmphun Wnlhinglou. u. c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 5. S. O. LISTER & J. REIXAGH.

LOOMFOR WEAVING DOUBLE PILE FABRICS. No. 268,250. Patented Nov. 28, 1882.

- W'bws-ses UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL G. LISTER AND JOSE REIXAGH, OF MANNINGHAM, NEAR BRAD- FORD, COUNTY OF YORK, ENGLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING DOUBLE-PILE FABRICS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 268,250, dated November 28, 1882.

Application filed November 28, 1881. (No model.) Patented in England August 23, 1878, No. 3,327; in France March 13, 1879,

No. 129.564, and in Germany March 25, 1879, No. 10,163.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, SAMUEL GUNLIFFE LISTER and Jose REIXACH, subjects of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Manningliain, near Bradford, in the county of York, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Looms for Weaving Double-PileFabrics, (for which we have received Letters Patent in England, No. 3,327, dated August 23, 1879, in France, No. 129,564, dated March 13, 1879, and in Germany, No. 10,163, dated March 25, 179,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the mechanism used for controlling the delivery of pile-warp when weaving double-pile fabrics face toface-- that is, fabrics com posed of two distinct cloths connected by pile-threads which have to be sev .cause friction, and by imparting a perfectly steady and uniform rotation to these covered rollers by fixing a worm-wheel upon each of themand driving these worm-wheels by two worms on a shaft to which a continuous revolving motion isimparted from one of the shafts ot'the loom. We give motion to the wormshaft from the picking-shaft. We also provide means for lifting the ends of the rollers to which the worm-wheels are secured, so as to be able to lift the worm-wheels out of gear with the worms whenever any desired length of fabric has been woven and it is desired to produce a selvage at the end of the piece.

Figure l is a vertical section of a two-shuttle pile-fabric power-loom in which the let-off motion for the pile warps is constructed according to our invention, some oftheparts oftheletoifmotion being omitted and tbelmain portions only shown. Fig. 2 is a front view of the loom. Fig. 3 is a vertical section on a larger scale of the parts of which the let-off motion is formed. Fig. 4 is a partial plan view of these parts. Fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating the manner of maintaining the pile-warp under uniform tension.

A is the crank or driving shaft of the loom, which, by means of a toothed-wheel uponit, drives the picking-shaft B, as is usual.

0 is the batten, worked to and fro by the crank-shaft.

D is the uncut pile fabric.

D are the two fabrics after being cut.

E are rollers over and under whiclithe two fabrics are led away. In the loom shown in the drawings the cutting of the pile-threads is effected by the sharpened edge of an endless band of steel, F, which is kept distended between two pulleys, G, and is revolved by them while the loom is at work. Any other suitable arrangement of mechanism may, however, be used for the purpose.

The way shown of driving and sharpening the endless band of steel forming the pile-cutting knife is more fully described in United States Letters Patent No. 263,417, forimprovements in looms for weaving double-pile fabrics, dated August 29, 1882, and it forms no part of the invention claimed in this application.

The warps for the body or ground of both top and bottom pile fabrics are on rollers Z. The warps for the side selvages are on rollers Y. Friction is applied to these rollers by weighted cords, to prevent them from turning too easily, in the ordinary manner, and, as is described in our application No. 46,762, for Letters Patent of the United States for improvements in the manufacture of pile fabrics, tiled simultaneously herewith, the heddles for working the ground-warps may be actuated in any ordinary manner. The way shown the drawing Fig. 2 is described fully in said in ap plication N 0. 46,762.

There is one set of groundwarps for forming the top fabric and another set of groundwarps for forming the bottom fabric. The two sets of warps are by heddles simultaneously divided into sheds, and a shuttle is thrown through each shed. The two shuttles are thrown simultaneously. The pile-warp is also by a heddle alternately lifted up so that the shoot of weftpassed through the upper shed is below it and afterward the pile-warp is lowered so that a subsequent shoot of weft passed through the bottom shed shall be above it, and so the pile-warp gets caught into the top and bottom fabrics, respectively. The raising and lowering of the pile-warp is in the drawings shown to be effected by the front heddle. The way shown in Fig. 2 of raising and lowering this heddle is fully described in our said application No. 46,762. The ground-warps as they are worked upiuto the top and bottom fabrics are drawn off from the ground-warp beams.

We will now describe the apparatus for giving uniform delivery of pile-warp in accordance with our invention.

On the continuously-driven picking-shaft B, near one of its ends, is a bevel-toothed wheel, H, which gears with a corresponding bevelwheel, H, on a shaft, 1. (See Figs. 3 and 4.) This shaft turns in bearings carried by brackets-J from the side frame of the loom. On this shaft I are two worms or screws, K. ()ne of these worms K gears with a worm-wheel, L, Fig. 4, on the axis of one roller, M, and the other gears with a similar wheel, L, on a sec- 0nd roller, M. The axes of the rollers M rest in open beariu gs formed in a bracket, N,which is bolted to the side of the frame of the loom. The rollers M are metal rollers, accurately turned and then covered with a soft rough material, preferably velveteen or plush. The rollers are rotated independently of each other, are separated, and injury to their covering which would result from contact is prevented.

0, Fig. 1, is the beam upon which the pilewarps are wound. These warps are supplied, as weaving progresses, by being led off from this beam and passed under a guide-roller, P, which extends from side to'side of the loom. The warp is then led upward and passed over another guide-roller, Q, which also extends from side to side of the loom and turns in bearings bolted to the side frames. The warp so supplied and guided is then led below both rollers M, and then upward and over guiderods R, and from them to the heddles and the reed of the batten. The rods R of the mechanism for supporting and guiding the warps on the way from the rollers M M to the heddles and batten are held at both of their ends in pieces S, from each of which a cord, T, passes to a spring, T, so that a uniform tension may be maintained upon the warp. The spring T may be carried by any suitable sup port. We prefer, however, to attach it to a lever-arm, U, on an axis, U, another arm, U on this axis being connected by a link, U to the end of the upper heald-lever by which thepile-warps are lifted and lowered, as shown at Figs. 1 and 3. In this way the spring T is raised when the pile-warps are raised by the heald and lowered when they are lowered, and so, when the pile fabric being made is the fabric described in our before-mentioned application No. 46,7 62, the pile-warp is retained approximately at a uniform tension, whether the pileheald is up or down or in a central position.

In making this fabric the pile-warp is for one beat up kept central out of both sheds, at another it is down in the bottom shed, and at a third up in the top shed. The pile-warp is supplied continuously and evenly during the whole time, as hereinbefore described.

The object of the movements given to the bars R is to keep a uniform tension on the pilewarp, notwithstanding that the pile-warp heald is raised and lowered. The springs T serveto keep a uniform tension on the pile-warp notwithstanding that it is continuously given out by the pile-warp delivery mechanism and taken up at intervals into the fabric. Preferably the bars R, over which the pile-warps are passed, are kept at or above the level to which the pile-warp is raised when lifted up into the upper shed, as shown by diagram A, Fig. 5. When the pile-warp is lifted into the upper shed the pile-warp bars R are raised into position l, and when the pile-warp is lowered into the lower shed the pile-bars R are lowered into position 2, and the tension on the pile warp is unchanged. When the pile-warp is held central-that is, in neither shed-it is somewhat slacker than in either of its other positions, but not materially so. As shown by the diagram the sum of the lines a b I) 00 d is equal to the sum of the lines a 6 eff d, and as these lines serve to show the direction given the pile-warp when the bars It are in positions 1 and 2, respectively, it will be seen that the pile-warp is kept at the same tension in these positions, and approximately at the same tension when the bars are in central position. The amount of movement given to the bars R as the pile-heald is raised and lowered can be adjusted by shifting the arm U along the axis U and fixing it upon the axis, either nearer to or farther from the axis of the top lever of the pile-heald, as required. These series of movements given to the lever form no part of the invention claimed. They are mere accessories, and any other mechanical means for supporting and guiding the pile-warp might be employed for keeping the pile-warp approximatel y at a uniform tension as the pile-heald goes up and down.

In order that the above let-off motion for delivering the pile-warps may-be quickly put out of action whenever a length of pile fabric has been woven and it is required to produce a selvage or length of plain fabric without pile, we place below the ends of the rollers M a bar, V, which can be slid eudwise to and fro in supports formed for it in a bracket, W, which is bolted to the bracket N that carries the bearings for the axes of the rollers M. The bar V can be moved endwise by a lever, X, which turns on a pin carried by the bracket W. 0n the upper surface of the barVareinclines V. When the bar V is moved endwise by. the lever X the inclinesVQcoming against the under side of the ends of the rollers M, lift these rollers and so disengage the worm-wheels L from the worms K, When the let-ofl' motion is thus put out of action thepile-heald is also disconnected from its cam and held stationary. This is effected by disconnecting from the lever, which is acted on by the cam, the wires which pass from it to the top and bottom heald-levers, and by tying up the healdlevers so as to hold them in mid-position.

Having thus described our invention, we

would state that we do not claim generally in mechanism for eontrollin g the delivery of warps, either the use of rollers covered with soft or rough material or worm-gearing; but

We claim-- 1. The combination of the covered rollers separated from each other, their worm-wheels, the worms engaging therewith to independently rotate the rollers, the worm-shaft, means by which the worm-shaftis continuously driven, mechanism for supplying pile-warp to the covered rollers, and, mechanism for supporting and guiding pile-warp on the Way to and from the covered rollers, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

2. The combination of the covered rollers, their worm-wheels, the worms engaging therewith, the worm-shaft, the continuously-driven shaft B, gearing connecting it with the wormshaft, mechanism for supplying pile-warp to the covered rollers, and mechanism for supporting and guiding pile-warp on the way to and from the covered rollers, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination of the rollers M, their worm-wheels, the Worms K, their continuouslydrivenshaft,meansfordrivingthe worm-shaft,

mechanism for supplying, guiding, and supporting pile-warp, and-mechanism for lifting the rollers to disengage their worm-wheels and the worms of the continuously-driven shaft,

substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

4, The combination of the beam 0, the roller 1?, the roller Q, the covered rollers M, means for'rotating them, the guide-bars R, means for supporting them, the batten, and means for operating it, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

5. The combination of the shaft B, the worm- 'shaft I, the gearingconnecting these shafts, 

